Design of Roof Truss Layout and Correct Framing Drawings

Roof trusses are widely used in residential and wood framed commercial projects. A roof truss is usually cost-effective and quick in construction than a roof framed with rafters. A roof truss is crafted from small pieces of lumber; it is then fabricated in a shop and after that set up at the site.

When we start designing a house we first create a truss layout which shows places where trusses will be fit in the roof, anticipated shapes of the top & bottom of the truss, plate heights and estimation of load on the trusses. The builder then gives this layout to its truss supplier. The truss supplier prepares actual design of each individual truss according to our roof design layout. The truss supplier may propose some modifications in the design because they have slightly different preferences to construct the truss using available proprietary software and CAD tools. Truss drawings as prepared by the truss supplier are then sent to the Architect for a review.

The architect forwards these drawings to a truss engineer who further examines various parameters such as the size of home, dead/live loads based on geometry, required truss span and roof pitches and give final go ahead for fabrication. The completed truss drawings show precise placement of trusses in the roof structure and precise inter-relation of truss members.

A truss is normally designed to transmit dead and live loads to other members in the structure. With regards to new home construction, a dead load is the burden of static components like the truss itself, roof beams, roofing materials, sheathing and ceiling material. A live load is dynamic in nature, such as wind, snow, furniture, movable loads, etc. Trusses are crafted to prevent flexing and bending and are usually tied together with tooth like metal plates made from galvanized steel or metal.

The common truss contains parallel sides so as to have a nearly same pitch on both sides of a center point. A lot depends on the interior ceiling design and roof pitches of your home when designing a layout for roof truss. Roof truss design allows flexibility to change the interior space as the truss normally be placed on an outside wall, leaving the interior space free for you to design and decorate accordingly. Trusses come in a wide range of designs giving you a creative freedom to change the ceiling design!

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Berry Plastics Design Center

Industrial designers at Berry Plastics Corporation describe packaging design and their methodology. berryplastics.com

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Interior Design - What is the Ideal Ceiling Height?

In these times people are re-examining the notion of "bigger is better." This is seen throughout all aspects of society, but is is particularly noticeable in the design of housing. We have all been in homes with soaring ceilings. While impressive, the experience in actually living in these homes has not prove to be all that satisfying.

First there are the practical considerations of heating and cooling these rooms. It simply costs more to condition a large volume than a smaller one. It is also more of a technical challenge to provide comfortable heat in a room with high ceilings due to the fact that heat rises.

A second, more subtle, reason to build rooms with more human-scaled ceiling heights is that instinctively we simple feel more comfortable in them. This is the same reason that most people prefer a secluded booth in a restaurant to table in the center of a large dining room, especially one with high ceilings.

So what is the ideal ceiling height? Well of course it is a matter of personal preference; but I will offer my opinion. For smaller rooms, say 120 to 200 square feet, my favorite height is 9 feet. For me this is a nice balance of openness and luxury over the older standard of 8 feet, but maintains an intimate feel. For larger rooms, like living areas and great rooms, I like a ten foot ceiling height. To me this just feels right for larger sized rooms. The best way to determine the ceiling height that is right for you is to simply take notice of room that you are comfortable in and make a mental note of the ceiling height.

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A Philosophy of Industrial Design - Enhancing People's Lives

If there is anything distinctive or unique about my design philosophy or approach, I don't think it is clearly evident when looking at the finished products I designed. I can sum it up, however, with the following principles:

Esthetics

I strongly believe that things should not be forced to look a certain way. Appearance should evolve or come about naturally as a result of function. The visual statement should express a harmony with why the product exists - what it does, how it is made, what it is made of - and look pleasing if not beautiful.

Ingenuity

I believe that design should search all possible ways to maximize the usefulness of the result. This built-in versatility means that it may provide more than one function. If it is a product, the materials and manufacturing process used must be creatively explored and mated in a way that incorporates all opportunities.

Sincerity and Honesty

These design principles speak to lasting value. The honest designer must be conscious of not introducing fake or insincere elements - imitations of natural materials or components such as knobs or handles that don't work - that may add visual interest but have no connection to function. For me, this disconnect defined the difference between simple cosmetics and genuine esthetics.

And when one designs a product, the effort must enhance the quality of peoples' lives. In other words - and I firmly believe in this - contribute what you can, excluding trickery, cuteness, imitation or misrepresentation. The intention is to strive for a straightforward, clear and simple solution. When intent is adhered to throughout the design process, the end result will project the image that the product "belongs" and is there to help and contribute.

When considering my life's design, I have to say that as with the works that I have tried to create, shape or improve, form has arisen from use. And use, or usefulness, has gone beyond mere circumstance and has had its root buried deep in the soil of need. Circumstance dictated that a boy from the rural South, a black boy whose family lived on the fine edge between poverty and doing all right, was destined to neither amount to nor contribute much. Add to that a condition that forced me to train my mind to literally turn objects around so that I could discover their meaning.

But I came from a family that taught me to see beyond circumstance, find value and create usefulness out of need. The legacy I inherited required that I make myself useful - as a son, man, husband, father and artist. If I were to share one thought with the design community of today and tomorrow it would be to remember that your purpose - your gift to the world - is to provide straightforward solutions to real problems for living, breathing human beings. As an industrial designer especially, your audience is neither history nor fame, but a couple who worked hard to buy their first home on a quiet street and would love just one more hour of sleep in the morning, even on trash day. Your muse is the kid who needs something to occupy his mind and hands during that long drive to grandma's house. Your biggest critic will be the struggling mother who can't afford to keep replacing her kitchen appliances every time a little piece of ornate but useless piece of plastic breaks off.

Know the difference between deep satisfaction and simply delivering a 'wow.' The latter is fancy and derives from simply delivering the unexpected. On the other hand, I believe that deep satisfaction arises when you find an elegant solution to a problem that has, until now, had a hindering effect or negative impact on a person's quality of life or experience. The elegant solutions I am talking about should be executed in such a straightforward manner as to nearly scream their presence to the world.

Function should be obvious - a straightforward solution to a meaningful problem. If I humbly submit my life's design as an example of anything, I would dare say that I have shown, through conscious effort and accident that human beings are the most creative when we encounter the unexpected. Software will give you exactly what you ask for. Corporations drive toward the bottom line, and sometimes the lowest common denominator. On the other hand, a pencil and paper might throw you a curve. A lack of job security may cause you to find security deep within yourself. The afternoon sun may literally shed light on a problem in a way that you may not have seen at daybreak. Being the odd man out may give you the right perspective. Learning to fish without a pole might just change your life.

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